Artículos SCI
2016
2016
Nanotecnología en Superficies y Plasma
Nanostructured Ti thin films by magnetron sputtering at oblique angles
Alvarez, R; Garcia-Martin, JM; Garcia-Valenzuela, A; Macias-Montero, M; Ferrer, FJ; Santiso, J; Rico, V; Cotrino, J; Gonzalez-Elipe, AR; Palmero, AJournal of Physics D-Applied Physics, 49 (2016) 045303
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The growth of Ti thin films by the magnetron sputtering technique at oblique angles and at room temperature is analysed from both experimental and theoretical points of view. Unlike other materials deposited in similar conditions, the nanostructure development of the Ti layers exhibits an anomalous behaviour when varying both the angle of incidence of the deposition flux and the deposition pressure. At low pressures, a sharp transition from compact to isolated, vertically aligned, nanocolumns is obtained when the angle of incidence surpasses a critical threshold. Remarkably, this transition also occurs when solely increasing the deposition pressure under certain conditions. By the characterization of the Ti layers, the realization of fundamental experiments and the use of a simple growth model, we demonstrate that surface mobilization processes associated to a highly directed momentum distribution and the relatively high kinetic energy of sputtered atoms are responsible for this behaviour.
Febrero, 2016 | DOI: 10.1088/0022-3727/49/4/045303
Nanotecnología en Superficies y Plasma
Nanoindentation and scratch resistance of multilayered TiO2-SiO2 coatings with different nanocolumnar structures deposited by PV-OAD
Roa, JJ; Rico, V; Oliva-Ramirez, M; Gonzalez-Elipe, AR; Jimenez-Pique, EJournal of Physics D-Applied Physics, 49 (2016) 13
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This paper presents a study of the mechanical properties and an evaluation of damage mechanisms of nanocolumnar TiO2-SiO2 multilayer coatings prepared by physical vapour oblique angle deposition at different configurations (slanted, zigzag or chiral) and two zenithal evaporation angles (70 degrees or 85 degrees). The characterization at micro-and nanometric length scales of the mechanical properties of the multilayers has been carried out by nanoindentation and nanoscratch tests, while the morphological evaluation of the surface and sub-surface damages produced with a sharp indenter and the adhesive and/or cohesive failures between coating and substrate have been investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy and focused ion beam, respectively. The obtained results have shown that the main processing parameters controlling the mechanical response of the different multilayers is the zenithal angle of deposition and the number of layers in the multilayer stack, while the coating architecture had only a minor effect on the mechanical response. This analysis also revealed a higher resistance to scratch testing and a brittle failure behaviour for the low zenithal angle coatings as compared with the high angle ones.
Febrero, 2016 | DOI: 10.1088/0022-3727/49/13/135104
Reactividad de Sólidos
Kinetics of high-temperature oxidation of (Ti,Ta)(C,N)-based cermets
Chicardi, E; Cordoba, JM; Gotor, FJCorrosion Science, 102 (2016) 168-177
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![](https://icms.us-csic.es/sites/icms.us-csic.es/files/1-s2_59.png)
The kinetics of the high-temperature oxidation of titanium–tantalum carbonitride-based cermets with different Ti/Ta ratios was studied. Isothermal oxidation tests were conducted under static air for 48 h at temperatures between 700 °C and 1200 °C. The oxidation satisfied the parabolic kinetics, characteristic of the existence of a protective oxide layer. The apparent activation energy suggests the rate-controlling process during oxidation is the simultaneous inward and outward diffusion of oxygen and titanium, respectively, through the formed protective layer, consisting mainly of a rutile phase. A higher Ta(V) content in the rutile decreased the oxygen diffusivity due to the reduction of oxygen vacancy concentration.
Enero, 2016 | DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2015.10.006
Nanotecnología en Superficies y Plasma
Quantitative analysis of Ni 2p photoemission in NiO and Ni diluted in a SiO2 matrix
Pauly, N; Yubero, F; Garcia-Garcia, FJ; Tougaard, SSurface Science, 644 (2016) 46-52
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In X-ray excited photoelectron emission (XPS), besides the initial excitation process, the shape and intensity of photoelectron peaks are strongly affected by extrinsic excitations due to electron transport out of the surface (including bulk and surface effects) and to intrinsic excitations due to the sudden creation of the static core hole. To make an accurate quantitative interpretation of features observed in XPS, these effects must be included in the theoretical description of the emitted photoelectron spectra. It was previously shown [N. Pauly, S. Tougaard, F. Yubero, Surf. Sci. 620 (2014) 17] that these three effects can be calculated by means of the QUEELS-XPS software (Quantitative analysis of Electron Energy Losses at Surfaces for XPS) in terms of effective energy-differential inelastic electron scattering cross-sections. The only input needed to calculate these cross-sections is the energy loss function of the media which is determined from analysis of Reflection Electron Energy Loss Spectra (REELS). The full XPS spectrum is then modeled by convoluting this energy loss cross-section with the primary excitation spectrum that accounts for all effects which are part of the initial photo-excitation process, i.e. lifetime broadening, spin-orbit coupling, and multiplet splitting. In this paper we apply the previously presented procedure to the study of Ni 2p photoemission in NiO and Ni diluted in a SiO2 matrix (Ni:SiO2), samples being prepared by reactive magnetron sputtering at room temperature. We observe a significant difference between the corresponding Ni 2p primary excitation spectra. The procedure allows quantifying the relative intensity of the c3d(9)L, c3d(10)L(2), and c3d(8) final states contributing to the Ni 2p photoemission spectra of the Ni2+ species in the oxide matrices. Especially, the intensity ratio in NiO between the non-local and local contributions to the 3d(9)L configuration is determined to be 2.5. Moreover the relative intensity ratio of the c3d(9)L/c3d(10)L(2)/c3d(8) configurations is found to be 1.0/0.83/0.11 for both the NiO and Ni:SiO2 samples.
Enero, 2016 | DOI: 10.1016/j.susc.2015.09.012
Materiales de Diseño para la Energía y Medioambiente
Thermal conductivity of partially graphitized biocarbon obtained by carbonization of medium-density fiberboard in the presence of a Ni-based catalyst
Orlova, TS; Parfen'eva, LS; Smirnov, BI; Gutierrez-Pardo, A; Ramirez-Rico, JPhysics of the Solid State, 58 (2016) 208-214
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The thermal conductivity k and resistivity rho of biocarbon matrices, prepared by carbonizing medium-density fiberboard at T (carb) = 850 and 1500A degrees C in the presence of a Ni-based catalyst (samples MDF-C( Ni)) and without a catalyst (samples MDF-C), have been measured for the first time in the temperature range of 5-300 K. X-ray diffraction analysis has revealed that the bulk graphite phase arises only at T (carb) = 1500A degrees C. It has been shown that the temperature dependences of the thermal conductivity of samples MDFC- 850 and MDF-C-850(Ni) in the range of 80-300 K are to each other and follow the law of k(T) similar to T (1.65), but the use of the Ni-catalyst leads to an increase in the thermal conductivity by a factor of approximately 1.5, due to the formation of a greater fraction of the nanocrystalline phase in the presence of the Ni-catalyst at T (carb) = 850A degrees C. In biocarbon MDF-C-1500 prepared without a catalyst, the dependence is k(T) similar to T (1.65), and it is controlled by the nanocrystalline phase. In MDF-C-1500(Ni), the bulk graphite phase formed increases the thermal conductivity by a factor of 1.5-2 compared to the thermal conductivity of MDF-C-1500 in the entire temperature range of 5-300 K; k(T = 300 K) reaches the values of similar to 10 W m(-1) K-1, characteristic of biocarbon obtained without a catalyst only at high temperatures of T (carb) = 2400A degrees C. It has been shown that MDF-C-1500(Ni) in the temperature range of 40aEuro'300 K is characterized by the dependence, k(T) similar to T (1.3), which can be described in terms of the model of partially graphitized biocarbon as a composite of an amorphous matrix with spherical inclusions of the graphite phase.
Enero, 2016 | DOI: 10.1134/S1063783416010236
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